To see the possibility of solar cells by car and cell phone

The new Prius models in the roof are equipped with solar cells.

These panels of solar cells are 36 155mm × 75mm thin If the solar cell modules of the external dimension of 1065 mm × 600 mm module. Average output power is only 56W, so can not serve as a source of VGP-BPS2A VGP-BPS9A power. Parking only during the hot summer when the fan is used to drive the car.

At first glance, think this is like the green ornament users. Because the solar panels can reduce CO2 emissions is very low, and the whole vehicle in CO2 emissions compared to the total may well be ignored.

However, the developer of Kyocera solar panels pointed out that to install solar cells in the car needs a new technology. Requires not only heat resistance, resistance to vibration and shock, and the surface and set the design requirements of start, but also need to hide the bus boxes (bars) of high technology precision alignment is different from home and power plants with the panel of technical parameters. Requires a high price.

Now that solar panels look really close to the decoration, but on vehicles throughout the cultivated with the new technologies the future may inadvertently widen the use of solar cells. FRU 92P1141 40Y6799

Mobile phones are also equipped with solar cells

A similar example is the summer of 2009 mobile phone models in Sharp “SOLARPHONESH002. The model is equipped with solar cell modules, when the battery is dead, the sun exposure to the sun for 10 minutes or more, can talk about 1 minute, rest for about 2 hours.

Solar battery module of the external dimension of 67.5mm x 41.0mm, the thickness of only 0.8mm. This is based on packaging technology semiconductor, precision electronic components, is to create methods and solar home products completely different. And SH002 with a tight structure, the firm is also very strong.

The module can also be designated as green device is still in doubt. Because its output is only 300mW, reducing CO2 emissions from its own basic no contribution.

However, another characteristic of solar cells - function as a distributed power supply is the outlet of the solar battery module. Can be used in places where commercial power supply can also use the latest in mobile communications equipment, which is before the cell phone has no value. Dell Latitude D610 battery  Dell Latitude D620 battery 

Green is not only energy saving devices

In the Prius with a roof of solar cells for the 56W, but in the future if the conversion efficiency with lower prices, with an area to enlarge, 200W output power is not an unattainable goal. If you load 40 hours of stored energy 8kWh, then this will be the i-MiEV battery capacity (16kWh) half drive about 80km. If days 5 consecutive days in the sun, using solar cells will be able to work around 80km. Body weight of the LEV is able to travel long distances.

Even so calculated that people living in developed countries may not have the slightest emotion. Because 8kWh power to charge a few hours and take a rate of nearly 200 yen. However, in the absence of electricity supply is another issue. PB992A PB994A

There is a lot of power beyond the reach of the world. Ethiopia, only 16% of the population has access to electricity. The coverage of Kenya’s electricity is only 10%. Outside Africa, there are many areas where the population is too dispersed and can not provide electricity. These regions, only solar car using solar cells and lithium-ion rechargeable battery often when working in the base station wireless, equipped with solar cells, solid mobile phones offer great convenience for life.

The energy of the 21st century, effective environment-friendly society in developed countries alone can not be achieved. Global warming and the North-South issues, and have a close relationship. If poor countries can also be spread scattered power and able to use the communications and broadcasting, will help raise educational levels, the environmental problems of the planet can also have a resonance. Projections of the population against surges in Africa and Asia in the future will face a serious shortage of energy and food shortages. Solar battery powered LEV and the mobile phone will certainly benefit those areas of autonomy. PA3191U-3BRS PA3285U-2BRS

Learn the details about laptop battery

Use rechargeable batteries for laptops, one of the advantages of the desktop, it can greatly facilitate a variety of environments using laptops. Introduced the first VGP-BPS2 VGP-BPS2A battery is nickel cadmium batteries (NiCd) battery but has a “memory effect”, each charge is required before the evacuation, very easy to use, and soon found himself nickel-metal hydride battery (NiMH ) replaced, NiMH not only failed to “memory effect”, but can do more per unit weight of 10% of electricity. The battery most commonly used is lithium-ion battery (Li-Ion), it is also ineffective “memory, compared to NiMH per unit of weight gain more power, the price two times higher than the NiMH . In the same weight, these three kinds battery is 1:1.2:1.9 ratios.

Notebook batteries currently used in three main categories: 1. Nickel-chromium batteries, 2. Ni-MH battery, 3. Lithium, they are generally expressed as: Ni-Cd Ni-Cd, Ni-MH Ni-MH, lithium-ion battery LI.

The purchase or replace the battery when the laptop for many users, “battery” may be unfamiliar. At the outset, batteries and batteries are two concepts. A battery is composed of several slightly bigger than your thumb, cylindrical, up to about 7.8 cm, the voltage is 3.6V small units, a professional name that is called 18650, Sanyo and Samsung is the first manufacturer in China. Batteries as a small GK479 U4873 battery, thanks to the combination series, that is, we see that the battery a. Then talk about how to judge the battery are several nuclei:

One way: Disconnect the battery for the number of contacts to see, there are a few tens of cores. But it is a “minister” approach. Let’s take a look at “Cao Chong” is how, “said the elephant”: the look of your battery nominal number of v, such that 14.4v, then divided by 3.6 to 4, then turned out to be four batteries together in series. And then take a look at the capacity of the battery pack, for example 4400mAh, then prove that the two aforementioned sets of batteries in series, because the battery capacity is low for 2000 — 2200mAh or more, and together the two groups can be achieved must be 4400mAh. In both cases, the battery is 4 × 2 = 8 cores.

The composition of laptop battery

Notebook battery from the shells, printed circuit boards and batteries belonging lithium ion battery. People talk about batteries in general refers to the number of batteries in the battery mAh refers to the ability of the laptop battery.

Mainly by the protection circuit (or the secondary circuit protection), and the capacity of the circuits in two parts, the laptop PP2182D PP2182L battery charge and discharge management and safety.

Time Laptop Battery standby mainly by the value mAh decide. Under normal circumstances, a little more battery, the mAh value is greater than longest standby time. Battery life for notebook mainly by the charge and discharge times to measure the quality of the products is generally eligible to 500-600 times. Therefore, efficient use of laptop batteries within two years expired the battery is aging, standby affect the strong decrease of the mobility of laptops.

Abstract:

Most laptops today use lithium batteries, in which over 13 inch notebooks, especially over high capacity 6-cell battery, while the 13-pad of thumb to ensure portability, many products have chosen the 3-pin thin around the battery. To get the most A1185 A1045 battery life of portable, many manufacturers have started to develop fuel cells, I believe that sooner or later we can see the production version of the fuel cell, then you really can-office Portable weather.

Total Station Battery Maintenance Experience

The batteries used in today’s total stations are generally two types: the special lithium battery and Ni-MH rechargeable batteries commonly used. Dedicated lithium-ion battery, lightweight, high capacity, environmental protection, virtually no “memory effect”, but the price is expensive, generic poor. Ni-MH VGP-BPS2 VGP-BPS2A battery is a high capacity battery discharge power of great depth, resistance to overcharge and over discharge, charging time is short and so obvious benefits. The most important is the nickel-metal hydride batteries are inexpensive and versatile.

No matter what type of battery, as the sale with the total station, generally, there will be training in the use of attention, some companies will even print a separate report on guidelines for the use of batteries and chargers. These instructions are some of the most basic but also very necessary to track maintenance as a method of recharging the battery should be selected, time to load. Unfortunately, many users of these instructions are often ignored or shelved. Recommendation: take a little time to read these guidelines, is absolutely necessary.

Users typically replace the PA3285U-3BRS PA3383U-1BRS battery, will acquire the habit of putting the battery in the way, wherever the place is clean and moist. The consequence is that the battery they get dirty easily, easy to contact metal (such as keys), etc. contact, easy to moisture, and it is the enemy of batteries. Recommendation: To avoid problems such as loss of electricity to keep the battery contacts clean and, if necessary, use a soft, clean and dry pasture.

A long time when you are not using total station, you must remove the battery from the machine and stored in a dry, cool environment. We all no objection to this point, but why here to make room for discussion? Because this relates to another question: For the Ni-MH F2024A F2024B battery, the battery must be completely discharged, then save, store, or online? Its two kinds of different views of what should be used? Many people think that we should adopt the first, but I thought that to save the battery charge is reasonable. Because: According to tests, Ni-MH battery to save the best conditions to save about 80% charged. Because the nickel-metal hydride batteries self-discharge high (10-15% a month or two), if the battery is completely discharged, then save it for a long time not to use, self Battery-discharge phenomenon will excessive battery discharge will damage the battery. You think of buying a new nickel-metal hydride rechargeable battery is not all there is electricity, which is the reason.

Lithium battery charge and discharge principles

In fact, lithium-ion battery is a lithium battery that came years ago is an alternative product to the anode reservoir used to suck carbon lithium-ion, discharge, lithium in lithium-ion Laptop battery from the anode, lithium reach-ion battery cathode. Lithium ion moves between the anode and cathode do not change the electrode itself. This is the lithium-ion batteries or lithium metal batteries is largely the difference. Lithium-ion battery anode graphite crystal, the cathode usually lithium carbon dioxide. Laden, the cathode of lithium atoms in the lithium-ion and electron ionization and the lithium ions to the anode movement and electronic synthesis of lithium atoms. Discharge for the lithium atoms from the graphite-anode surface of the crystal in a lithium-ion and electron ionization and the synthesis of lithium atoms at the cathode. Consequently, in the lithium batteries are only in the form of lithium-ion seems it is not the form of lithium metal, so that this cell is called a lithium-ion battery.

1, lithium-ion battery charge and discharge characteristics of

500MAH of aa-type lithium-ion battery charge and discharge curves. Single lithium-ion sony VGP-BPS2A battery charging voltage is best kept at 4.1 V 50 mV, charge current is typically look to 1c limit (500mA), otherwise it will result in permanent damage to lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries commonly used constant current / constant voltage charging mode that is first use of 1c constant current charging the battery voltage rises when up to 4.1V if the charger should immediately at a constant voltage mode (4.1 V 50 mV), charging current gradually transferred if the battery is fully charged, charging current to the current trickle. This method can for about two hours battery (500mAh) is sufficient. Lithium-ion battery discharge current shall be not more than 3 c (1.5a), single-battery voltage must not fall below 2.2 V, as is otherwise cause damage. With the 0.2c to discharge current, battery voltage to 2.7V, you rated battery capacity (500mAh) emit 1c using the discharge current, the battery will emit 90% of battery capacity, while the temperature of the battery discharge capacity is also an effect, it offers a lithium-ion battery discharge when the temperature -20 ℃ ~ 60 ℃. A characteristic of lithium-ion battery is relatively easy to remaining capacity than lithium-ion battery voltage slowly decreased to show the passage of time, lithium-ion battery from discharging voltage of 4.1 V (4.2 V), discharge end voltage of 2.5V.

Second, the advantages and disadvantages of lithium-ion battery

Advantages: 1 Operating voltage is high; 2nd Small size, lightweight, energy is high, 3 Long life; 4 Safe and fast charge; 5th Provides a wide temperature range; 6th Discharge current is small, no memory effect, no pollution.

Disadvantages: 1 with the dry not interchangeable; 2nd Can not fast charge, 3 Internal impedance is high; 4 Voltage change significantly; 5th Discharge rate of large, rapid decline in capacity is not high-current discharge.

3, Li-Ion Battery Charger

Here is a new type of lithium-ion sony VGP-BPS2 battery charger module ps1719, it uses the constant current / constant voltage control of lithium-ion battery charger. Constant current, constant voltage adjusts easily to reduce the charge current to maximum current (constant current) 15% of the tax base is to be stopped from discrimination and the full load. There is also charging and full indicator. Ps1719-module voltage 9V, internal structure.

GND (①, ⑩ m) for the input, the output voltage grounding.

BATT-() ② feet, then the Dell Inspiron 1525 battery negative and ground access to the current control feedback resistance.

LED (⑥ m) for the collection status indicator pins. Maximum for the charge as filled with low-level display. Able to drive or inhaled current 3mA, may LEDs.

BATT + (⑦ meters), then the battery positive.

GAP (⑧ pin) outside interference capacitor anode. Capacitor positive pin (Vo), the capacity of not less than 0.22μF. ⑧ When the positive pulse input pin, it can reach to the pulse trickle charge mode.

RV (⑨ m) for the voltage feedback control input pin. Voltage-controlled equilibrium, the pin-for-BATT voltage of 2.5 V.

DRV (foot) for dead-zone voltage (0 ~ 3V) control driver OC output pin. Can absorb 30mA, driven PNP type power transistor to control the voltage, current.

Vo (pin) to about 4 V regulator output pin (charging a lithium-ion batteries), external anti-interference capacitor anode.

V + (pin) module, power supply positive voltage input pins need 6V ≤ V + ≤ 7V.

Application circuit PS1719 devoted to 3.6V Li-Ion battery can be used batteries for the three nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride, module.

Button batteries and computer CMOS battery on the motherboard

Button batteries, also called button cell refers to dimensions as small button batteries, in general, larger diameter, the thickness is thin (compared to cells in columns, such as No. 5 on the market, AA batteries, etc.);

Button cell battery is the point of form, the same classification of the corresponding Laptop battery cells cylindrical, square battery, battery special form;

Generally speaking, there is a battery of common parts load cell and does not charge the two charges, including 3.6V rechargeable lithium-ion Button Battery (LIR Series) 3V lithium batteries, button cells ion (VL or ML series), not 3V lithium-manganese button cell battery included (CR series) and 1.5V alkaline zinc-manganese button cells (RS and SR series);

On the button batteries are most commonly used in a stack of computer motherboard CMOS, CR2032 model used in the electronic dictionary in CR2025, CR2016 for electronic table surface, or SR44, SR626 and so on;

Name of the button sony VGP-BPS2 battery model English letters in front of cell types, the figures indicate the size, the first two digits indicate the diameter of two, said after the thickness;

Button batteries because of their small size, the diameter of 4.8 mm to 30 mm, thickness from 1.0 mm to 7.7 mm are generally used for all kinds of electronic products, back-up power, such that the motherboards of computers, electronic watches, electronic dictionaries, electronic scales, memory cards, remote control, electric toys.

General battery motherboard is loaded automatically at startup, then 3-5 years without any problem!

Say a few characteristics of the battery of motherboard, you will understand:

1, function: to ensure that in case of power failure shut down without losing CMOS settings to ensure that the internal clocks to time, so that the parameters of the system as usual.

2 types of batteries: rechargeable nickel battery integrated in the chip RTC.

3, Ni features:

(1) start automatically when charging;

(2) The full power requires ten hours;

(3) The computer a long time unused may be the result of the nickel battery is dead CMOS data loss, the computer does not take long, it can cause corrosion of the motherboard, as electrolyte spillage.

So if you have no computer time, you can win the CMOS sony VGP-BPS2A battery, but they can not be used, and sold a few dollars is not serious!