Lithium battery charge and discharge principles

In fact, lithium-ion battery is a lithium battery that came years ago is an alternative product to the anode reservoir used to suck carbon lithium-ion, discharge, lithium in lithium-ion Laptop battery from the anode, lithium reach-ion battery cathode. Lithium ion moves between the anode and cathode do not change the electrode itself. This is the lithium-ion batteries or lithium metal batteries is largely the difference. Lithium-ion battery anode graphite crystal, the cathode usually lithium carbon dioxide. Laden, the cathode of lithium atoms in the lithium-ion and electron ionization and the lithium ions to the anode movement and electronic synthesis of lithium atoms. Discharge for the lithium atoms from the graphite-anode surface of the crystal in a lithium-ion and electron ionization and the synthesis of lithium atoms at the cathode. Consequently, in the lithium batteries are only in the form of lithium-ion seems it is not the form of lithium metal, so that this cell is called a lithium-ion battery.

1, lithium-ion battery charge and discharge characteristics of

500MAH of aa-type lithium-ion battery charge and discharge curves. Single lithium-ion sony VGP-BPS2A battery charging voltage is best kept at 4.1 V 50 mV, charge current is typically look to 1c limit (500mA), otherwise it will result in permanent damage to lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries commonly used constant current / constant voltage charging mode that is first use of 1c constant current charging the battery voltage rises when up to 4.1V if the charger should immediately at a constant voltage mode (4.1 V 50 mV), charging current gradually transferred if the battery is fully charged, charging current to the current trickle. This method can for about two hours battery (500mAh) is sufficient. Lithium-ion battery discharge current shall be not more than 3 c (1.5a), single-battery voltage must not fall below 2.2 V, as is otherwise cause damage. With the 0.2c to discharge current, battery voltage to 2.7V, you rated battery capacity (500mAh) emit 1c using the discharge current, the battery will emit 90% of battery capacity, while the temperature of the battery discharge capacity is also an effect, it offers a lithium-ion battery discharge when the temperature -20 ℃ ~ 60 ℃. A characteristic of lithium-ion battery is relatively easy to remaining capacity than lithium-ion battery voltage slowly decreased to show the passage of time, lithium-ion battery from discharging voltage of 4.1 V (4.2 V), discharge end voltage of 2.5V.

Second, the advantages and disadvantages of lithium-ion battery

Advantages: 1 Operating voltage is high; 2nd Small size, lightweight, energy is high, 3 Long life; 4 Safe and fast charge; 5th Provides a wide temperature range; 6th Discharge current is small, no memory effect, no pollution.

Disadvantages: 1 with the dry not interchangeable; 2nd Can not fast charge, 3 Internal impedance is high; 4 Voltage change significantly; 5th Discharge rate of large, rapid decline in capacity is not high-current discharge.

3, Li-Ion Battery Charger

Here is a new type of lithium-ion sony VGP-BPS2 battery charger module ps1719, it uses the constant current / constant voltage control of lithium-ion battery charger. Constant current, constant voltage adjusts easily to reduce the charge current to maximum current (constant current) 15% of the tax base is to be stopped from discrimination and the full load. There is also charging and full indicator. Ps1719-module voltage 9V, internal structure.

GND (①, ⑩ m) for the input, the output voltage grounding.

BATT-() ② feet, then the Dell Inspiron 1525 battery negative and ground access to the current control feedback resistance.

LED (⑥ m) for the collection status indicator pins. Maximum for the charge as filled with low-level display. Able to drive or inhaled current 3mA, may LEDs.

BATT + (⑦ meters), then the battery positive.

GAP (⑧ pin) outside interference capacitor anode. Capacitor positive pin (Vo), the capacity of not less than 0.22μF. ⑧ When the positive pulse input pin, it can reach to the pulse trickle charge mode.

RV (⑨ m) for the voltage feedback control input pin. Voltage-controlled equilibrium, the pin-for-BATT voltage of 2.5 V.

DRV (foot) for dead-zone voltage (0 ~ 3V) control driver OC output pin. Can absorb 30mA, driven PNP type power transistor to control the voltage, current.

Vo (pin) to about 4 V regulator output pin (charging a lithium-ion batteries), external anti-interference capacitor anode.

V + (pin) module, power supply positive voltage input pins need 6V ≤ V + ≤ 7V.

Application circuit PS1719 devoted to 3.6V Li-Ion battery can be used batteries for the three nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride, module.

Button batteries and computer CMOS battery on the motherboard

Button batteries, also called button cell refers to dimensions as small button batteries, in general, larger diameter, the thickness is thin (compared to cells in columns, such as No. 5 on the market, AA batteries, etc.);

Button cell battery is the point of form, the same classification of the corresponding Laptop battery cells cylindrical, square battery, battery special form;

Generally speaking, there is a battery of common parts load cell and does not charge the two charges, including 3.6V rechargeable lithium-ion Button Battery (LIR Series) 3V lithium batteries, button cells ion (VL or ML series), not 3V lithium-manganese button cell battery included (CR series) and 1.5V alkaline zinc-manganese button cells (RS and SR series);

On the button batteries are most commonly used in a stack of computer motherboard CMOS, CR2032 model used in the electronic dictionary in CR2025, CR2016 for electronic table surface, or SR44, SR626 and so on;

Name of the button sony VGP-BPS2 battery model English letters in front of cell types, the figures indicate the size, the first two digits indicate the diameter of two, said after the thickness;

Button batteries because of their small size, the diameter of 4.8 mm to 30 mm, thickness from 1.0 mm to 7.7 mm are generally used for all kinds of electronic products, back-up power, such that the motherboards of computers, electronic watches, electronic dictionaries, electronic scales, memory cards, remote control, electric toys.

General battery motherboard is loaded automatically at startup, then 3-5 years without any problem!

Say a few characteristics of the battery of motherboard, you will understand:

1, function: to ensure that in case of power failure shut down without losing CMOS settings to ensure that the internal clocks to time, so that the parameters of the system as usual.

2 types of batteries: rechargeable nickel battery integrated in the chip RTC.

3, Ni features:

(1) start automatically when charging;

(2) The full power requires ten hours;

(3) The computer a long time unused may be the result of the nickel battery is dead CMOS data loss, the computer does not take long, it can cause corrosion of the motherboard, as electrolyte spillage.

So if you have no computer time, you can win the CMOS sony VGP-BPS2A battery, but they can not be used, and sold a few dollars is not serious!

Mainly two things about laptop battery maintenance

Now, people increasingly use the laptop as a laptop, one of the main components of lithium batteries will also increase the problems. So how should make good use of laptop batteries to lithium? Mainly to take two things:

   (1)  An appropriate charge-discharge;

   (2) To minimize the discharge less than the load or discharge. While the Laptop battery is a consumable, lithium-ion is no exception. But nobody wants the durability of the battery, following the battery began to speak. Firstly, to explain who is limited to lithium-ion battery.

The general literature and the country on standard lithium ion lithium-ion batteries on said load current must be between 0.2C to 1C. This is expressed by the load capacity of the battery current, such as your battery is 4AH, then the 0.2C charge current is 0.2 × 4 = 0.8 A, which is the load current must be between 0 8 to 4A.

In general, the charging current to the extent permitted by the smaller the better, rechargeable lithium, ion VGP-BPS2B battery should be the beginning of a constant current charge to IBM R31, for example, the current is 2.8A or more equivalent to 0.7 ° C, is charging circuit to control their own and can not set ourselves.

Although such a charge indicator does not exceed the requirements of the standard, but not relatively significant, especially when the battery capacity decline for some time after the load current may be more than 1C. Now the length of time users load laptop have also become targets regardless of the manufacturers were forced to charge current set so high, so the first step is to reduce the current load.

Lithium-ion batteries is very precious, good circuit load control is required. With this method of pricing can reduce the load current to prolong battery life while using the notebook’s original charging circuit controls the charge current to achieve them is also relatively simple, just buy a sheet of power (that is, food in a sort of book, it is better to buy two, followed by the methods referred to another use, should be of good quality), and resistance can be, and note heads resistance should be greater, after all the above, there are about 2W of power Otherwise, it would be more resistant to heat, the best use of a constant resistance over me, this resistance wire resistance and temperature independent basis. However, the shortcomings of this approach is also very clear is that, while not charging the work with the laptop lighter load current problem is solved, and now pay problems. In fact, it is difficult, after all, the laptops are used at work, the discharge current varies with the serviceability, the method mentioned here is the limited capacity of the VGP-BPS2C battery is designed specifically for the restore operation.

To start the machine, within the parameters of power management will never go into standby mode (standby) and hibernation (hibernation), others are made more energy saving modes, including including processor speed, turn off hard disks, turn off the screen, so also in TP management process of closing some unused material, such as sound cards and so on, then open the status window battery display, and allowed to run in the foreground. Close other programs, including screen saver and other regular programs running. Do not use the machine, do not close the lid, let the battery discharge is completed (not to discharge the minimum value is set to 0 can be set at 3%). Display and hard drive after closing the discharge current of approximately 0.5 A (IBM R31 can be performed on a minimum discharge current), the battery discharge to a minimum value determined after the machine s ‘automatically stops.

The discharge lasted about 4 hours, depending on the capacity of your battery may be different in different.

Finally stressed that the above method is not dead, and in particular, discharge, or 10 times what can be done once and elsewhere also

Battery does? Charge is best done with a low load current, of course, if the need to use the sony VGP-BPS2A battery directly to the power plug inserted into a laptop on it.